Community mental health care network: an evaluative approach in a Brazilian state.

In recent decades, public policies of the Unified Health System (SUS) in Brazil have structured a community mental health care network (RAPS) based on various community actions and services. This study carried out evaluative research on the implementation of the structure and process dimensions of this care network in Minas Gerais, the second most populous state of Brazil, generating indicators that can enhance the strategic management of the public health system in the strengthening the psychosocial care in the state. The application of a multidimensional instrument, previously validated (IMAI-RAPS), in 795 of the 853 municipalities in Minas Gerais was carried out between June and August 2020. Regarding the structural dimension, we noticed an adequate implementation of services like 'Family Health Strategy,' 'Expanded Family Health Center,' and 'Psychosocial Care Centers' but a lack of 'Beds in General Hospitals' destinated to mental health care, 'Unified Electronic Medical Records' and 'Mental Health Training Activities for Professionals.' In the process dimension, adequate implementation of actions such as 'Multidisciplinary and Joint Care,' 'Assistance to Common Mental Disorders by Primary Health Care,' 'Management of Psychiatric Crises in Psychosocial Care Centers,' 'Offer of Health Promotion Actions,' and 'Discussion of Cases by Mental Health Teams' point to a form of work consistent with the guidelines. However, we detected difficulties in the implementation of 'Psychosocial Rehabilitation Actions,' 'Productive Inclusion,' 'User Protagonism,' 'Network Integration,' and practical activities for the effectiveness of collaborative care. We found a better implementation of the mental health care network in more populous, demographically dense, and socioeconomically developed cities, which shows the importance of regional sharing of services that are not possible for small cities. The evaluation practices of mental health care networks are scarce throughout the Brazilian territory, a fact also found in Minas Gerais, highlighting the need for its expansion not only in the scientific sphere but also in the daily life of the various levels of management.

Implementação de Prontuário Eletrônico por profissionais médicos e enfermeiros da Atenção Primária à Saúde / Implementation of Electronic Medical Records by physicians and nurses in Primary Health Care

Objetivo: Avaliar a implementação o Prontuário Eletrônico do Cidadão da estratégia e-SUS na Atenção Primária a Saúde pelos médicos e enfermeiros de duas macrorregiões de saúde de Minas Gerais. Métodos: Estudo de método misto explanatório sequencial quanti-qualitativo. A coleta de dados ocorreu por meio de um formulário online. Foi construída uma matriz de análise e julgamento para avaliar e ponderar as questões avaliativas no instrumento de coleta. Resultados: De maneira geral, o grau de implementação de cada uma das funcionalidades (assistenciais e gerenciais) foi classificado como não adequado, mas há diferença quando se compara as profissões. Os dados mostram que a medicina quando comparada com a enfermagem tem a utilização do prontuário com escore menor, indicando que médicos informaram usar menos o prontuário eletrônico do que os enfermeiros. Conclusões: Apesar dos grandes esforços governamentais para expandir a implantação do prontuário eletrônico, sua implementação, de forma geral, ainda não é adequada. Dessa forma, a utilização do prontuário eletrônico como potencial qualificador de dados em saúde deve ser estimulada em direção à gestão e coordenação do cuidado(AU)

Objective: To evaluate the implementation of the Electronic Citizen's Record of the e-SUS strategy in Primary Health Care by physicians and nurses from two health macro-regions in Minas Gerais. Methods: Estudio de método mixto explicativo secuencial cuantitativo-cualitativo. Data collection took place through an online form. An analysis and judgment matrix were built to evaluate and weigh the evaluative questions in the collection instrument. Results: In general, the degree of implementation of each of the functionalities (assistance and management) was classified as not adequate, but there is a difference when comparing the professions. The data show that medicine, when compared to nursing, uses the medical record with a lower score, indicating that physicians reported using the electronic medical record less than nurses. Conclusions: Despite major government efforts to expand the implementation of electronic medical records, its implementation, in general, is still not adequate. Thus, the use of electronic medical records as a potential qualifier of health data should be encouraged towards the management and coordination of care(AU)

Objetivo: Evaluar la implementación del Registro Ciudadano Electrónico de la estrategia e-SUS en la Atención Primaria de Salud por médicos y enfermeros de dos macrorregiones de salud de Minas Gerais. Métodos: La recolección de datos se realizó a través de un formulario en línea, se construyó una matriz de análisis y juicio para evaluar y ponderar las preguntas evaluativas del instrumento de recolección. Resultados: En general, el grado de implantación de cada una de las funcionalidades (asistencia y gestión) fue catalogado como no adecuado, pero hay diferencias, al comparar las profesiones. Los datos muestran que la medicina, en comparación con la enfermería, utiliza la historia clínica con una puntuación más baja, lo que indica que los médicos utilizan menos la historia clínica electrónica que las enfermeras. Conclusiones: A pesar de los grandes esfuerzos gubernamentales por ampliar la implementación de la historia clínica electrónica, su implementación, en general aún no es adecuada. Por lo tanto, se debe fomentar el uso de la historia clínica electrónica como potencial calificador de datos de salud para la gestión y coordinación de la atención(AU)

Uso do Sistema de Informação de Imunização do Brasil: qual a realidade? / Using the Brazilian Immunization Information System: What is real?

Introdução: A informação em saúde é essencial na tomada de decisões no âmbito das políticas públicas e tem se apresentado como instrumento essencial na interpretação de fenômenos. Assim, o estudo teve como objetivo avaliar o uso do Sistema de Informação de Imunização pelos profissionais de enfermagem. Materiais e métodos: Estudo transversal analítico realizado num município da Macrorregião Oeste de Minas Gerais, com profissionais de enfermagem por meio de um checklist validado. Para análise, utilizou-se um sistema de escores, classificado como: adequado, parcialmente adequado, não adequado e crítico. A mediana foi utilizada como medida-resumo para a análise descritiva e o Teste Qui-Quadrado de Pearson, para comparação de proporções. Resultados: Dos 104 profissionais de enfermagem, 14,4% relatam fazer uso dos registros para a gestão da informação em vacinação, 93,3% realizam o controle de estoque dos imunobiológicos, sendo esta a única atividade classificada como adequada. A produção do relatório de listagem de faltosos (39,4%), produção do relatório de cobertura vacinal (36,5%) e divulgação das informações consolidadas produzidas (17,3%) foram classificados como críticos. Não houve associações estatisticamente significativas entre as variáveis estudadas. Discussão: A subutilização das informações do sistema de informação traz consequências para os serviços de imunização, como baixas coberturas vacinais e oscilações nas proporções de abandono, além dificultar o planejamento e a tomada de decisões dos gestores das salas de vacinação. Conclusões: O uso das informações dos sistemas de informação precisa ser reconhecido pelos profissionais como necessário, útil e aplicável, sendo parte do processo de trabalho em sala de vacinação.

Introduction: Public health information is essential for decision-making in the public policy context, therefore considered a basic tool for phenomenon interpretation. The objective of this study was to evaluate the use of the Immunization Information System by nursing professionals. Materials and Methods: An analytical cross-sectional study was conducted with nursing professionals in a municipality in the Western Macro-region of Minas Gerais State by means of a validated checklist. For analysis, a scoring system was used to rate their use of the information system as appropriate, partially appropriate, not appropriate and critical. The median was used as a summary measure for descriptive analysis and Pearson's chi-square test was used to assess comparisons. Results: Out of 104 participating nurses, 14.4% reported having used records for vaccination information management; 93.3% performed vaccine inventory management, which was the only activity classified as appropriate; preparation of reports listing missed doses (39.4%), vaccination coverage (36.5%) and dissemination of consolidated reports (17.3%) were classified as critical. No statistically significant differences were found between the variables studied. Discussion: Underutilizing information systems has consequences for vaccination services, such as low vaccination coverage and variation in dropout rates, as well as hindering planning and decision making by vaccination center managers. Conclusions: Managing data in information systems should be recognized by healthcare professionals as a necessary, functional and applicable piece of the work process performed in vaccination centers.

Introducción: La información sanitaria es esencial para la toma de decisiones en el contexto de políticas públicas, por lo que se considera como una herramienta básica en la interpretación de los fenómenos. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar el manejo del Sistema de Información de Inmunización por parte de los profesionales de enfermería. Materiales y métodos: Estudio transversal analítico realizado en un municipio de la Macrorregión Oeste de Minas Gerais con profesionales de enfermería mediante una lista de verificación validada. Para el análisis, se utilizó un sistema de puntuación para clasificar el manejo del sistema como adecuado, parcialmente adecuado, no adecuado y crítico. Se utilizó la mediana como medida de resumen para el análisis descriptivo y la prueba de chi-cuadrado de Pearson para comparar proporciones. Resultados: De los 104 profesionales de enfermería participantes, el 14.4% afirmó haber usado los registros en la gestión de la información en vacunación; el 93.3% realiza control de las existencias de inmunobiológicos, siendo esta la única actividad clasificada como adecuada; la elaboración de informes con la lista de dosis perdidas (39.4%), la cobertura de vacunación (36.5%) y la divulgación de informes consolidados (17.3%) se clasificaron como crítico. No se encontraron asociaciones estadísticamente significativas entre las variables estudiadas. Discusión: La subutilización del sistema de información trae consecuencias para los servicios de vacunación, como baja cobertura de vacunación y las variaciones en las tasas de abandono, además de generar dificultades en la planificación y en la toma de decisiones por parte de los gestores en las salas de vacunación. Conclusiones: El manejo de la información que reposa en los sistemas de información debe reconocerse por parte de los profesionales de la salud como necesario, útil y aplicable, por lo que debe hacer parte del proceso del trabajo que se realiza en las salas de vacunación.

Evaluation of the Psychometric Properties of the Immunobiological Agent Conservation Assessment Scale.

INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVE: The cold chain of immunobiological agent conservation occupies a strategic position in the immunization system and, therefore, needs to be evaluated. This study psychometrically evaluated the Immunobiological Agent Conservation Assessment Scale (Escala de Avaliação da Conservação de Imunobiológicos-EACI). METHODS: Methodological study carried out in Minas Gerais, Brazil, including 275 immunization rooms, divided into three stages: (a) pilot study; (b) internal consistency and temporal reproducibility; (c) criterion validity and structural validity. RESULTS: The EACI items were analyzed for comprehension and clarity; presenting internally consistency (Cronbach's alpha: 0.72 [95% CI: 0.666-0.763]) and temporal reproducibility (ICC: 0.948 [95% CI: 0.911-0.981]), in addition to explaining 72% of the variance and discriminating the groups criteria (p = .0025). CONCLUSION: The EACI is psychometrically reliable and valid and is the first assessment instrument available for this construct.

Factors related to the adoption of the Brazilian National Immunization Program Information System.

BACKGROUND: One way to optimize the adoption and use of technological innovations is to understand how those involved perceive, assess and decide to use them. This study aims to analyze the attributes that influence the adoption and use of the Brazilian National Immunization Program Information System (NIPIS) from the perspective of vaccination room workers. METHODS: This is a mixed method research, and a quantitative cross-sectional analytical study, with concomitant triangulation of data, carried out in a region of Brazil by using the Diffusion of Innovation Theory. We used a questionnaire with 183 nursing professionals who work at vaccination rooms in 12 municipalities. To test the research model, partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) and SmartPLS 2.3.0 have been applied to estimate the model. The qualitative research had a descriptive-exploratory character, using interviews (n = 18) analyzed through thematic analysis. RESULTS: The model proposed showed a mean correlation between the perceived attributes in the adoption and use of NIPIS. The results of the multiple regression indicated that the attributes "relative advantage" and "image" have a significant effect at 5% level (T > 1.97), positively influence the adoption and use of NIPIS; the attribute "voluntary use" negatively influences the adoption and use of the system; the attributes "experimentation", "compatibility", "profitability", and "ease of use" did not influence the adoption and use of NIPIS. Emphasis has been placed on aspects that weaken the adoption and use of NIPIS such as lack of good quality internet and resistance to use the technology by some professionals. Workers perceive the importance of NIPIS for the municipality and point out that technological innovation provides data at an individual level, inserted in real time, which makes it possible to assess vaccination coverage. Lack of an unstable internet compromises data release due to system slowness. CONCLUSIONS: The mixed method allowed an in-depth analysis of the adoption and use of NIPIS in the Western Health Macroregion of Minas Gerais State, and similarities were observed in the results. The attribute "relative advantage" is the one that most influences the adoption and use of NIPIS, which is the strongest predictor of innovation adoption rate.

Análise do Sistema de Informação em Imunizações do Brasil sob a ótica das heurísticas de usabilidade / Análisis del sistema de información de inmunizaciones de Brasil desde la perspectiva de las heurísticas de usabilidad / Analysis of the Brazilian immunization information system from the perspective of usability heuristics

O estudo teve o objetivo de analisar o Sistema de Informação de Imunizações web do Brasil sob a ótica das heurísticas de usabilidade. Trata-se de um estudo descritivo, com abordagem qualitativa sobre a avaliação de usabilidade de um novo software sobre o Programa Nacional de Imunizações, com base nas dez Heurísticas de Nielsen. Participaram quatro especialistas da área de Tecnologia da Informação, com conhecimento sobre usabilidade e Programa de Imunizações. Os dados foram tratados pela análise de Conteúdo, na modalidade Temático-Categorial. O sistema proporciona, de um lado, facilidade de acesso aos usuários, podendo ser acessado de qualquer lugar e momento, desde que tenha conectividade com a internet; e de outro, apresenta problemas de usabilidade quanto à percepção de localização do usuário no percurso feito dentro do próprio sistema; apresenta entraves em relação a padronização tanto das telas, quanto dos recursos disponibilizados pelo sistema, além de falhas e duplicidade de comandos, que dificultam o registro e acesso às informações. Os problemas elucidados na avaliação de usabilidade do Sistema de Informação de Imunizações do Brasil poderão embasar melhorias nas novas versões de atualizações(AU)

Este estudio tuvo como objetivo analizar el sistema de información de inmunizaciones en Brasil desde la perspectiva de las heurísticas de usabilidad. Se realizó un estudio descriptivo, con un enfoque cualitativo, sobre la evaluación de la usabilidad de un nuevo software en el programa nacional de inmunización, basado en las diez heurísticas de Nielsen. Participaron cuatro especialistas del área de Tecnología de la Información, con conocimiento sobre usabilidad y el programa de inmunizaciones. Los datos fueron tratados mediante análisis de contenido, en la modalidad temático-categorial. El sistema proporciona facilidad de acceso a los usuarios, al que se puede acceder desde cualquier lugar y en cualquier momento, siempre que tenga conectividad a internet, y presenta problemas de usabilidad con respecto a la percepción del usuario de la ubicación en la ruta tomada dentro del propio sistema. Presenta obstáculos en relación con la estandarización de ambas pantallas y los recursos puestos a disposición por el sistema, además de fallas y duplicación de comandos, que dificultan el registro y el acceso a la información. Los problemas aclarados en la evaluación de usabilidad del sistema de información de inmunizaciones en Brasil pueden respaldar mejoras en nuevas versiones de actualizaciones(AU)

The purpose of the study was to analyze the Brazilian immunization information system from the perspective of usability heuristics. A descriptive qualitative study was conducted evaluating the usability of a new software for the national immunization program based on the ten Nielsen's heuristics. Four specialists from the Information Technology area participated who were knowledgeable about usability and the immunization program. The data were processed by thematic-categorial content analysis. The system provides users with easy access from any place at any time, as long as they can connect to the Internet, and presents usability problems related to perception by users of their place along the route taken within the system itself. It also poses hurdles concerning standardization of the two screens and the resources made available by the system, besides failures and duplication of commands, which hampers the recording of and access to information. The problems clarified in the evaluation of the usability of the Brazilian immunization information system may serve to improve new updated versions(AU)

National Immunization Program Information System: implementation context assessment.

BACKGROUND: The National Immunization Program Information System (SIPNI - Sistema de Informação do Programa Nacional de Imunização) in Brazil is a technological innovation management tool that enhances the performance of managers and health professionals in the evaluation and monitoring of immunization activities. In the country, the decentralization of the System is at an advanced stage, but it still faces challenges regarding its operation and use, impacting on its results. This study aims to evaluate the deployment of SIPNI in the state of Minas Gerais, in 2017. METHOD: Cross-section study performed in Primary Healthcare vaccination rooms in 54 municipalities in the Brazilian state of Minas Gerais, in 2017. A multidimensional questionnaire was used with nursing professionals who work in vaccination rooms, containing questions about the structure (presence of an internet-connected computer, instruction manual, software version, IT professional for technical support, trained healthcare professional, use of communication channels to obtain system information) and the process (activities performed by the staff to operate the immunization information system) of their work. Those questions refer to the components of the information system: system management, immunized-patient records, and Movement of Immunobiological. Implementation Degree (ID) was defined by a score system with different weights for each criterion, according to the importance level observed in it, with a rating of: adequate, partially adequate, inadequate and critically inadequate. For data analysis, median was used as the summary measure, and Pearson's Chi-Squared Test was used for proportion comparison. RESULTS: Municipal SIPNI is not adequately implemented and that results mainly from the actions performed in health service units, indicating problems in the use of technology by professionals working in vaccination rooms. The structure was better evaluated than the process, presenting IDs of 70.9 and 59.5%, respectively. Insufficient internet access, inadequate use of communication channels, and lack of professional qualification were some of the identified structural issues. "Movement of Immunobiological" was the best-ranked component (ID = 68.5%), followed by "immunized patient records" (ID = 59.3%) and "SIPNI management" (ID = 50.7%). Partial performance of SIPNI is independent of population size in the municipality and of FSH coverage. CONCLUSIONS: SIPNI is still an underutilized technological innovation. There are challenges that must be overcome, such as implementation of the final web version, internet connectivity, and capabilities aimed at the use of information generated by technology. Nevertheless, perspectives regarding SIPNI are positive, with functionalities to optimize activities in vaccination rooms.